As for the prediction of mountain torrents’ formation and evolution under different regional conditions, different experiences or mathematical models have been developed and established. The range and scale of the mountain torrents are comprehended by exercising mountain torrents' formation and evolution process. Generally, a statistical model for mountain flood formation is established by considering rainfall and terrain factors.
In recent years, large-scale meteorological models have been used to simulate rainfall processes and integrate with the flash flood formation models.Such as the high accuracy regional atmospheric model system (RAMS) and the synchronous satellite imagery simulation of rainfall, rainstorm unit processes and thermodynamic process models.
Among them, the simulation results of meteorological models are more accurate on large scales, while dose worse on small and medium scales. The prediction of the formation and evolution of mountain torrents is generally based on the hydrological, meteorological and runoff models which predict the movement process of mountain torrents in space, including the empirical statistical model, the distributed hydrological model based on the motion wave and diffusion wave (or its variant form and approximation), as well as the application of one dimensional hydrodynamic model.
In particular, the roll wave formed on steep slopes has also been studied, and a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model for mountain rivers has been developed.
In recent years, China has made some progress in flood forecasting. With the aid of distributed mechanism model and digital basin platform which developed the flood forecasting system, the simulation model of integration of runoff and sediment, slope collapse and river transport, are integrated to predict the runoff process, water sediment confluence and evolution process on regional scale.
Comment list ( 0 )
