One of the earliest hydrological monitoring stations, Harbin in the main-stream of Songhua River, has gathered nearly one hundred year hydrological data since 1898. Tangjiawobao station in the main-stream of Liao River has 11 years data from 1921 to 1931. Then, many stations have been built around 1935, which were stopped working in 1945. After the funding of the People’s Republic of China, many a station restarted, which covered majority of this region and in some important stations, there are about 50 to 60 years records. Around 1980s, there were about 541 to 600 hydrological stations, and 107 water level stations were built in Northeast area overall, basically fitting the needs for economic construction and some other social aspects.
The earliest meteorological record in Northeast of China was in Heihe(in 1892)。Then, the Harbin and Niuzhuang in 1902, Shenyang, Yingkou, Dalian started to be observed in 1905, Changchun and Mudanjiang in 1909 almost 100 years up to nowadays. The rainfall observation began in 1930s,which has 50 to 60 years up to now. Around 1980s, there were 1933 precipitation stations. And there were also across-the-board stations including meteorological elements with an overall coverage of the whole area and mainly in cities and counties, they are the main data for studying climate, floods and droughts.
There are many researches about floods for almost thirty years from 1953 to 1980 by many relevant departments in the Northeast area, coupled with massive history which supplemented the hydrological data through flood surveys and textual researches. Such as the catastrophic flood of 1794 in Qiqihar in Nen River, and the flood of Taizi River in 1974,in Liaoyang. Thirteen volumes about the main river floods situation of 611 written by Heilongjiang province, Jilin province and Liaoning province, have all been published officially in 1984. 《The Great Flood of Chinese History》, compiled by Hu Mingsi and Ge Chengzheng, collected all the twelve big floods in Northeast of China.And it has come off the press in 1989. 《Flood Events in Jilin Province》 gathering thirteen floods burst out in Jilin province was internally published in 1985 by Jilin Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute. All these achievements revealed the floods situation roundly,which have been widely applied.
After the establishment of People’s Republic of China,the surveys and researches for affected area, grain yield, grain loss and some other economic losses have been made gradually. Meanwhile, there were some scientific researches and experimental research work launched, which offered basic data for learning and studying the features of floods and droughts over the past forty years from varied sides.
The information is provided by Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service.
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