Welcome to GIS Fundation Tutorial (Part A)!

In recent years, GIS has been in a stage of rapid development both in theory and in application. GIS has been applied to modeling and decision support in many fields, such as urban management, zoning, environmental remediation, etc., geography. Information has become an important part of the information age; the concept of “Digital Earth” has further promoted the development of GIS as its technical support. At the same time, some scholars are committed to relevant theoretical research, such as spatial perception, spatial data error, formalization of spatial relationships, and so on. This just illustrates the two aspects of GIS as an applied technology and discipline, and these two aspects constitute a mutually reinforcing development process. From the application point of view, the development of GIS in recent years is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. The expansion of application areas, such as some commercial departments began to use GIS for customer research; in addition, the combination of remote sensing and GPS has opened up a wider application space for GIS, such as vehicle navigation, environmental monitoring and so on.

2. A large number of mature commercial GIS platforms have emerged, or existing software is constantly introducing new products.

3. More and more attention has been paid to the construction of spatial data. Based on the construction of spatial data infrastructure, the research on spatial data sharing and interoperability has begun.

In the first part, the related content includes GIS related concepts, information, data, information systems, and the history and prospects of GIS development; GIS spatial data model, reference system and data in GIS. These chapters form the theoretical basis of GIS.

Contents:

• Introduction to geographic information system
  • Basic concept of Geographic Information System
  • Geographic Information System and its type
  • Overview of the functions of GIS
  • Research content of GIS
  • A brief history of GIS development
  • Development prospect of GIS
• From the Real World to the Bit World
  • Geographical Cognition of the Real World
  • The abstraction of the real world
  • Bit world
• Spatial Data Model
  • Basic problems of Spatial Data Model
  • Field model
  • Factor model
  • Analysis of Spatial Relations Based on Elements
  • Network Structure Model
  • spatial-temporal model
  • three-dimensional model
• Spatial Reference System and Map Projection
  • Basic Elements of the Earth Ellipsoid
  • coordinate system
  • Basic Problems of Map Projection
  • Gauss-Kruger Projection
  • Division and Numbering of Topographic Maps
• Data in GIS
  • Data meaning and data type
  • Measurement scale of data
  • GIS data quality
  • Metadata of spatial data
• Spatial data acquisition
  • Map digitization
  • Processing of spatial data entry
• Spatial Data Management
  • Spatial database
  • Raster data structure and its coding
  • Vector Data Structure and Its Coding
  • Comparisons and conversion algorithms of vector grating structures
  • Spatial indexing mechanism
  • Spatial Information Query